Mitigation of Parking Hurdle by providing Multilevel Parking facility at Bapat Galli, Belagavi-A Case Study

Mitigation of Parking Hurdle by providing Multilevel Parking facility at Bapat Galli, Belagavi-A Case Study

Prof. Ravi B Tilaganji1

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering

Angadi Institute of Technology and Management, Savagaon Road, Belagavi 590009

Karnataka , India

Prof. Vinodkumar Sulebhavi3

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering

Angadi Institute of Technology and Management, Savagaon Road, Belagavi 590009

Karnataka , India

Prof. Sagar Laxman Belgaonkar2

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering

Angadi Institute of Technology and Management, Savagaon Road, Belagavi 590009

Karnataka, India

Prof. Madhuri N Kesarkar4

Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering

VTU,Belagavi Karnataka , India

AbstractAn attempt has been made to improve the car parking facility at Bapat Galli, Belagavi. A suggestive alternate solution has been discussed in regards with the current parking congestion problems and horizontal land spread restrictions for car parking. As alternative for the problem, A Composite Multilevel car parking is been proposed. The effect of wind on the structure is studied. The Structure is modeled using STAAD PRO V8i. Various parameters of the structure are analyzed. Analysis is carried out using IS 456:2000, IS 800:2007, IS 875: Part I, IS 875: Part II, IS 875: Part III & IS 875: Part V.

KeywordsMLCP, Composite Structure, Steel Roof Truss, Wind analysis, STAAD Pro V8i

1. INTRODUCTION

   In the Congested commercial areas of the city using the area only for one ground floor for parking is not a feasible and acceptable idea. Multilevel parking has become common in metropolitan cities but it is the need of the hour even in the non-metropolitan cities like Belagavi. The idea of multilevel car parking system (MLCP) is justifiable, as the city is chosen for development as smart city. Here number of vehicles parked on limited ground area get multiplied according to the number of floors that we can provide. Recently, the vehicle populations of the city has shot up drastically. The parked vehicles on the road side is a nuisance. Hence RTO is taking stringent action on the vehicles parked in non-specified areas.

   Of course RCC floor is essential to take the load of the vehicles but on the terrace floor the trussed steel roofing reduces the load on the foundation, hence, the structure becomes composite. Considering the average number of vehicles to be parked in the area and the area available for parking the multilevel car parking becomes the best choice.

2. METHODOLOGY

   Bazar. To accommodate more vehicles, a suitable and efficient parking is necessary in this area. Hence a Mutlilevel car parking is being proposed in Bapat Galli, Belagavi. A case study is carried out for the improvement of existing condition of car parking in Bapat Galli, Belagavi. This is centrally located in the market. In this paper a study has been made for improving the car parking facility in Bapat Galli. A Multilevel car parking structure suitable for the requirement is considered for analysis. The analysis of the structure is carried out using Indian Standard Codes in STAAD Pro V8i software.

   B. Structural Overview

   The multistory car parking is the structure which helps for the vehicle parking in discipline manner. As a case study the multilevel car parking (MLCP) structure is considered with ramp type of parking for way in & way out to have effective movement of vehicles in parking area.

   This structure consists of basement, ground floor and three floors. The third floor of the structure is composite which is covered with steel roof truss. The structure is having three entry and exits with three connectivity roads.

   The proposed multistoried level car parking (MLCP) for parking improves public convenience. The structure is a combination of RCC at base and steel on top floor. The parametric analysis is carried out for the safety of structures under wind loads.

3. DETAILS O F THE STRUCTURE Table 1: Details of the Structure

   Structure Details
   Type of structure	Multi-storey Composite frame structure.
   Occupancy	Multi-Level Car Parking Building.
   Number of stories	5 (B+G+3)
   Basement storey height	2.75m
   Intermediate storey height	3m
   Type of soil	Hard soil
   Site Location	Bapat Galli ,Belagavi

   Structure Details
   Type of structure	Multi-storey Composite frame structure.
   Occupancy	Multi-Level Car Parking Building.
   Number of stories	5 (B+G+3)
   Basement storey height	2.75m
   Intermediate storey height	3m
   Type of soil	Hard soil
   Site Location	Bapat Galli ,Belagavi

   1. Case Study

      The major issue of car parking in Belagavi city is in the market areas like Ramdev Galli, Samadevi Galli and Khade

      Table 2: Properties of Structural Members

      Properties of Frame members
      Beam Size	230 mm × 500 mm
      Secondary Beam Size	230 mm × 300 mm
      Grid Slab Beam Size	100 mm × 450 mm
      Column Size	600mm diameter (circular)
      Slab Thickness	100mm
      Wall Thickness	230mm

      Table 3: Properties of Materials

      Properties of Concrete
      Grade of Concrete	M30
      Density of Concrete	25000N/m3
      Modulus of Elasticity of concrete	27386N/mm2
      Properties of Steel
      Grade of Steel	Fe 415
      Unit Mass of steel	7850 kg/m3
      Modulus of elasticity, E	2.0 x 105 N/mm2
      Poisson ratio	0.3

      1. Plan of the Structure

         The Figure 1 shows the Basement plan of the multilevel car parking. A plan is showing the details of the ramp rising from the basement level to the ground level. The entry ramp and exit ramp is planned separate for effective movement of the vehicles in the basement floor.

         The Figure 2 shows the Floor plan for the ground floor and the consecutive three floors. The entry and exit is made separate for the parking area. The exit is at the central perpendicular level, which connects to one of the main way near the area.

      2. Plan of the Structure

   Figure 1: Basement Floor Plan

   Figure 2: Floor Plan for G + 3

4. MODELING AND ANALYSIS

   The multilevel car parking is modeled into STAAD Pro V8i for the analysis. The 3D model is prepared for the effective identifying of the analysis of the parameter.

   Table 4: Structure Details

   hysical Parameters
   Length of Structure	7 bays at 9.5m
   Width of Structure	3 bays at 8.22m
   Height of Structure	12m
   Live Load on Structure	5 kN/m3
   Floor finish	1.0 kN/m3
   External wall	6.55 kN/m

   Figure 3: Plan of MLCP in STAAD Pro V8i

   Figure 4: 3D model of MLCP in STAAD Pro V8i

   The Figure 3 shows the modeled line diagram plan of the structure showing the support conditions, the supports are of fixed type.

   The Figure 4 shows the 3D model with the steel roof truss, this 3D model shows the composite structure. The pinned support conditions are considered at the steel to concrete structure.

   Figure 5: Dead Load effect on MLCP Structure

   Figure 6: Live Load effect on MLCP Structure

   The loads on the structure are placed as per IS 875 Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3 for dead load, live load and wind load. The effect of structure under deal load and live load is shown in the Figure 5 & Figure 6.

   ANALYSIS OF ROOF TRUSS

   The steel roof truss is analyzed and designed manually using IS 800:2007 and IS 875 Part 3

   Figure 7: C/s of Steel Roof Truss

   Table 5: Steel roof truss details

   Physical Parameters
   Span of truss	16m
   Spacing	9.6m
   Height of eve	12m
   Pitch angle	180
   Basic wind speed	39m/second

5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

1. The maximum shear force and bending moment on the column are

   Table 6: Result force the forces on column

   Result on Column no. 197
   Puz	4490.53kN
   Muz1	187.31kNm
   Muy1	187.31kNm

   The maximum bending moment and shear force is obtained from Table 6. Which are 4490.53kN and 187.31kNm. The results can be used for designing the column.

2. The maximum shear force and bending moment on the beam are

   Table 7: Result force the forces on beam

   Result on Beam no. 90
   Shear Force Fy	174.054kN
   Bending Moment Mz	339.947kNm

   The maximum bending moment and shear force is obtained from Table 7. Which are 339.947kNm and 174.054kN. The results can be used for designing the beams.

   Figure 8: Bending moment in Z-direction

   Figure 9: Shear force and Bending Moment

   Member number	Coefficient for H	Coefficient for W	Force in the member (kN)
   			DL + LL W=14.65, H=0	DL + LL W=4.95, H=0.025
   1	0.5	13.84	220.75	68.52
   2	1.0	12.3	180.19	60.91
   3	2.5	7.69	112.65	38.128
   4	0	-14.56	-214.62	-72.072
   5	1.05	-14.56	-214.62	-72.04
   6	1.05	-11.32	-165.83	-56.00

   Member number	Coefficient for H	Coefficient for W	Force in the member (kN)
   			DL + LL W=14.65, H=0	DL + LL W=4.95, H=0.025
   1	0.5	13.84	220.75	68.52
   2	1.0	12.3	180.19	60.91
   3	2.5	7.69	112.65	38.128
   4	0	-14.56	-214.62	-72.072
   5	1.05	-14.56	-214.62	-72.04
   6	1.05	-11.32	-165.83	-56.00

   Table 8: Results for Forces in the Steel Roof Truss

   From Table 8, it can be observed that the maximum force in the member no. 1 is 220.75kN which can be used for the designing.

   CONCLUSIONS

   1. From the analysis it is observed that the structure is safe for the loading considered.

   2. Maximum values of bending moment and shear force can be used for the designing of beams, columns and truss as given in Table 6, 7 & 8.

   3. The proposed model provides a parking facility of accommodating 360 cars in multilevel car parking structure, increasing it from existing 60 cars on the same land area.

   4. The parking facility increases the capacity of accommodating vehicles by almost 5 times that of existing system.

   5. The increasing capacity of parking reduces the blockages of the main road of the market area.

   6. The public will have safe relief for parking problem in the area.

   7. The pedestrian traffic will feel pleasant without any roadside parked vehicles.

REFERENCES

1. Upendra singh dandotia et al., A study of analysis and design of multi level parking, International Journal of Engineering Development and Research, Vol4,Issue 2, 2016 pp1412 – 1412

2. Mahesh S K and L G Kalurkar , analysis and design of multistory building using composite structure,International Journal of Structural and Civil Engineering Research, Vol.03,Issue 02,May 2014 , pp 126- 137.

3. Sagar L Belgaonkar et al., Wind Analysis of a Industrial Steel Structure withVarying Connections in the Member, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), Vol. 7 Issue 05, May-2018, pp.511-515.

4. Sagar L Belgaonkar et al., Critical behavior of STILT columns in RC Framed Structures under the influence of wind, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), Vol. 6 Issue 04, April-2017, pp.122-127.

5. IS 456 : 2000, Indian Standard Plain and reinforced concrete – code of practice ( Fourth Revision)

6. IS:875 (Part-1):1987, "Code of Practise for Design Loads( other than earthquake loads) for Buildings and Structures" Part 1 dead loads unit weights of building materials and Stored materials,Second Revision, Bureauof Indian Standards, New Delhi reaffirmed 1997.

7. IS:875 (Part-2):1987, "Code of Practise for Design Loads( other than earthquake loads) for Buildings and Structures" Part 1 Imposed loads

   unit weights of building materials and Stored materials,Second Revision, Bureauof Indian Standards, New Delhi reaffirmed 1997.

8. IS:875 (Part-3):1987, "Code of Practise for Design Loads( other than earthquake loads) for Buildings and Structures" Part 3 Wind Loads,Second Revision, Bureauof Indian Standards, New Delhi reaffirmed 1989.

9. IS : 875 ( Part 5 ) – 1997 , code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and structures part 5 special loads and combinations ( Second Revision )

10. IS 800:2007, General construction in steel Code of Practice (Third Revision), Bureauof Indian Standards, New Delhi 2007.

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11. Dr. S. Mahendran et al., design of multilevel car parking building, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET),Vol 9, Issue 11 , Nov 2018, pp 1164 1169.