Experimental Study of Non- Autoclaved Concrete Prepared by Bagasse Ash

Experimental Study of Non- Autoclaved Concrete Prepared by Bagasse Ash

1 Shivali, 2 Ashish Kumar

1 M.Tech [Ce], Rimt University Mandi Gobindgarh ,India

2 A.P [Ce] Rimt,India

Abstract:- The main focus of this research is on the creation of concrete utilising bagasse ash as a partial replacement for cement in non-autoclaved concrete. The building's dead load also includes a load of partition walls and ordinary mortars. Bagasse ash has a low density, which helps concrete to be lighter. With the addition of bagasse ash, compressive strength increases by 10% and split tensile strength increases by 10.5 percent. It also reduces the price of concrete by 12%. The prepared concrete has a 20% higher water absorption rate but is 5% less dense.

Keywords:- Aluminium powder, Non-autoclaved concrete, bagasse ash.

1. INTRODUCTION

   The primary structural material used in Non-autoclaved concrete is used for various structure components, both auxiliary and non-basic, as well as building components. Concrete has several advantages, including its ease of installation, high compressive strength, customizable quality, and local availability. In any case, concrete has a weight limitation as well. When applied to tremor-prone regions like Indonesia, this is a significant burden. frothed concrete is an alternative structure material used to reduce the risk of building damage caused by a seismic tremor disaster. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, non- autoclaved circulated air through cement (AAC) has been mechanically delivered as a structural material. It is a cement obtained by consistently dispersed, closed air bubbles.

   Because AAC has one-sixth to one-third the thickness of traditional cement and a similar proportion of compressive quality, it is useful for cladding and infills, as well as forbearing divider segments of low-to-medium-ascent structures. Furthermore, because its warm conductivity is one-sixth or less than that of solid, it can provide cost-effective structure solutions when used in low- vitality structures. The material has incredible fire rating properties, and its fire resistance lasts slightly longer than traditional cement of a similar thickness. It is not susceptible to form development, and due to its inner porosity, it has an extremely low solid transmission and is acoustically extremely powerful for a material of its weight. To control the thickness of the solid, frothed concrete is created by presenting air through the exclusive froth procedure.

   The thickness of frothed solid ranges from 300 to 1800 kg/m3, which is significantly less than the thickness of ordinary cement (2400 kg/m3). Invulnerable to disappointment as a result of bacterial, creepy crawly, and fire harms. Cell concrete (also known as circulated air through cement or froth concrete) is made of concrete, lime, silica sand, and occasionally pozzolanic material, in which air-voids are entangled in the mortar lattice by methods for a reasonable frothing specialist. It is classified into three groups based on the pore development strategy: air-entraining technique (gas concrete utilising compound response in glue for gas creation), frothing technique (frothed concrete bringing air into the glue with the addition of bubble stabiliser), and combined strategy (bringing air into the glue utilising concoction response and balancing out it with gas stabilizer).

   Because of the relieving temperature, cell cement can be divided into two groups: one that is restored at nearby or marginally raised temperatures, and the other includes precast brickwork items that are not autoclaved at a temperature fundamentally higher than 100 C in a pressurised and steam warmed condition. Because of intentionally entrained air and a lack of compaction, the pore framework in concrete-based material is routinely delegated gel pores, slender pores, and macropores. In comparison to gel pores, fine pores and other large pores are prone to quality decline. Examination techniques such as nitrogen gas assimilation, mercury porosimetry, optical microscopy with image handling, and X-beam registered tomography with image preparation can be used to identify the type of pores.

   The pore arrangement of autoclaved circulated air through cement is classified as I fake air pores, intercluster and interparticle pores, (ii) macropores formed by mass development caused by air circulation and micropores that appear in the dividers between the macropores, and (iii) smaller scale vessels (50 nm to 50 lm) and fake air pores (>50 lm). Circulated air through cement is typically made up of lime, concrete, gypsum, and sand (or pozzolanic materials), with traces of aluminium powder added as a pore-shaping specialist. The aluminium reacts with lime, which releases hydrogen gas and forms a large number of small air pockets that are constantly conveyed in the framework [9,10]. After the set, the circulated air through cement was cut into precise dimensional units and then restored in an autoclave with a best fix pressure of 1.01.2 MPa for 58 hours.

   In contrast to the traditional autoclaved circulated air through cement (AAC), non-autoclaved circulated air through cement (NAAC) has a significant amount of leeway in encouraging the assembling procedure and decreasing the cost of items. During the NAAC development, steam restoring was directed at temperatures lower than 100 C for 824 hours after being cut. As a result, when compared to AAC, the NAAC has the element of security in the item process with low vitality utilisation. AAC is manufactured and displayed as a brickwork unit in the majority of global markets. It is frequently used to replace various types

   of stonework material, but because the material is solid yet , it is frequently used in a thickness that is significantly greater than for other materials.

   AAC can also be used to make delicately fortified storey stature components or more intensely fortified components for floorboards, rooftop boards, divider boards, lintels, pillars, and other exceptional shapes. These components have a wide range of applications, including private, commercial, and modern development. Stronger divider boards can be used as cladding frameworks, as well as load-bearing and non-load-bearing outside and inside divider frameworks. Fortified floor and rooftop boards can be used to provide a flat stomach framework while supporting significant gravity loads. One of the key properties of AAC fabrication is the process's adaptability in terms of item attributes and item sizes. As a result, there are numerous different organisations in which the items could be manufactured.

2. METHODOLOGY

For the investigation of Non-autoclaved concrete the different extents of sand and concrete with water concrete proportion of 0.50 is taken for the contemplations. What's more, results are inferred based on compressive strength, split elasticity, water assimilation and cost per cubic meter

td>

1:4

Subsequent to choosing the legitimate proportion, the blend was tried with the water concrete proportion of 0.40, 0.45,0.55 and

1. since light weight substantial necessities more water to respond with alumina Powder to Start the response of the air circulation measure

   Mix Nomenclature	Ratio of Cement And Sand	Water – Cement Ratio	Cement Quantity Kg/m3	Sand Quantity Kg/m3	Water Quantity Kg/m3
   N03W00	01:03	0.50	311.500	938.500	175.4844
   N03W01	01:03	0.40	311.500	938.500	143.5781
   N03W02	01:03	0.45	311.500	938.500	159.5313
   N03W03	01:03	0.55	311.500	938.500	191.4375
   N03W04	01:03	0.60	311.500	938.500	207.3906

   For non-autoclaved circulated air through concrete, the plan blend amounts ought to be decreased to 60%, And the measurements of alumina powder is to be tried. The dose of alumina powder is .1%,.2%,.3% and .4%. alumina powder on response with water produces air which assists with creating circulated air through substantial when blended in with water. So the diverse expansion of alumina are tried.

   Mix Nomenclature	Ratio of Cement And Sand	Water Cement Ratio	Cement Quantity	Sand Quantity	Water Quantity	Aluminium Dosage Quantity
   			Kg/m3	Kg/m3	Kg/m3	%	Kg/m3
   N03	1:3	0.50	186.500	563.500	103.120	0	0
   N03A01	1:3	0.50	186.500	563.500	103.120	.10%	.185
   N03A02	1:3	0.50	186.500	563.500	103.120	.20%	.375
   N03A03	1:3	0.50	186.500	563.500	103.120	.30%	.560
   N03A04	1:3	0.50	186.500	563.500	103.120	.40%	.745

   As per the experimental study the bagasse ash to be introduced in the composite mix hence it contents pozzolanic properties it will be helpful in reducing environment waste and emission of CO2 from the concrete.

   Mix Nomenclature	Ratio Of Cement And Sand	Water Cement Ratio	CementQuantity	Sand Quantity	Water Quantity	Bagasse Ash Quantity
   			Kg/m3	Kg/m3	Kg/m3	%	Kg/m3
   N03A03	1:3	0.50	186.5	563.500	103.120	00	0
   N03B04	1:3	0.50	172.8	563.500	103.120	04	7.2
   N03B08	1:3	0.50	158.7	563.500	103.120	08	13.8
   N03B12	1:3	0.50	145.2	563.500	103.120	12	19.8
   N03B16	1:3	0.50	132.3	563.500	103.120	16	25.2
   N03B20	1:3	0.50	120	563.500	103.120	20	30
   N03B24	1:3	0.50	106.875	563.500	103.120	24	33.75

   Figure 1 Dry mix of Non-autoclaved concrete

   1. RESULTS

      1. Normal Proportions of Cement And Sand

         Mix Nomenclature	Proportion of Cement and Sand	Compression Capacity	Split TensileCapacity 2 =	Water AbsorptionCapacity	Cost	Density
         		N/mm2	N/mm2	Kg/m3	In Rs	Kg/m3
         N01	1:1	4.94	1.56	193.99	6062.19	1435.53
         N02	1:2	4.59	1.50	214.41	4679.55	1507.00
         N03	1:3	4.09	1.43	229.73	3988.33	1557.03
         N04	1:4	3.64	1.34	239.94	3573.50	1602.97
         N05	1:5	2.99	1.22	252.19	3297.01	1626.45
         N06	1:6	2.47	1.11	268.52	3099.45	1641.77
         N07	2:1	5.32	1.63	153.15	7444.83	1684.65
         N08	2:3	4.60	1.52	206.24	5232.63	1480.45
         N09	2:5	4.34	1.47	221.56	4284.52	1531.50

         In the trial investigation of different proportions, 1:3 is observed to be exceptionally viable as far as strength, cost, thickness and water ingestion. The proportion 1:1,1:2,2:and 2:3 have higher concrete substance which has two issues , first is hotness of hydration as higher the concrete substance higher will be the fieriness of hydration .second economy higher concrete substance is anything but a financial agreeable . as the concrete substance expands the thickness of substantial increments. As the concrete substance expands the pores in the substantial fills which increment the strength of ceent yet diminishes the water ingestion.

         Strength in N/mm2

         Cost in rs

         Cost in rs

         Strength in N/mm2

         Strength Chart for Proposed Aerated Concrete

         Strength Chart for Proposed Aerated Concrete

         6.000

         5.000

         4.000

         3.000

         2.000

         1.000

         0.000

         6.000

         5.000

         4.000

         3.000

         2.000

         1.000

         0.000

         N01

         N02

         N03

         N04

         N05

         N06

         N07

         N08

         N09

         N01

         N02

         N03

         N04

         N05

         N06

         N07

         N08

         N09

         Diffrent Light Weigth Concrete

         Diffrent Light Weigth Concrete

         Comppresive Strength

         Split tensile Strength

         Comppresive Strength

         Split tensile Strength

         Cost Analysis of Proposed Concrete

         Cost Analysis of Proposed Concrete

         8000

         7000

         6000

         5000

         4000

         3000

         2000

         1000

         0

         8000

         7000

         6000

         5000

         4000

         3000

         2000

         1000

         0

         N01

         N02

         N03

         N04

         N05

         N06

         N07

         N08

         N09

         N01

         N02

         N03

         N04

         N05

         N06

         N07

         N08

         N09

         Diffrent Light Weight Ratios

         Cost in Rs

         Diffrent Light Weight Ratios

         Cost in Rs

      2. With Different Water Ratios

         Mix Nomenclature	Proportion of Cement and Sand	Compression Capacity	Split TensileCapacity 2 =	Water AbsorptionCapacity	Density
         		N/mm2	N/mm2		Kg/m3
         N03W00	0.50	4.17	1.46	234.55	1589.73
         N03W01	0.40	3.64	1.37	244.98	1587.63
         N03W02	0.45	3.86	1.40	239.76	1584.51
         N03W03	0.55	4.06	1.44	234.55	1597.02
         N03W04	0.60	3.96	1.42	226.21	1603.28

         Strength in N/mm2

         Strength in N/mm2

         Examination shows that at w/c proportion .50 gives ideal outcomes as far as strength. As the water content in substantial builds the water request insignificantly changes because of less development of hotness of hydration and concrete glue with additional water fills the pores in the substantial so it likewise ingest less water implies changing the water content doesn't influence the water retention of cement. in any case, the water content makes an irrelevant impact on the thickness of cement.

         Strength Chart for Proposed Areated Concrete with Varing

         w/c ratio

         Strength Chart for Proposed Areated Concrete with Varing

         w/c ratio

         5

         4

         3

         2

         1

         0

         5

         4

         3

         2

         1

         0

         N03W00

         N03W01

         N03W02

         N03W03

         N03W04

         N03W00

         N03W01

         N03W02

         N03W03

         N03W04

         Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with varing w/c ratio

         Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with varing w/c ratio

         Compressive strength

         Split tensile Strength

         Compressive strength

         Split tensile Strength

         Water Absorption And Density Chart of different w/c ratio

         245 1600 te

         Kg/m 240 crn

         245 1600 te

         Kg/m 240 crn

         3

         3

         250 1605

         Water Absorbtion in

         Water Absorbtion in

         235

         230

         225

         220

         215

         N03W00 N03W01 N03W02 N03W03 N03W04

         Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with varing w/c ratio

         1595

         Density of Light Weigth Co

         in Kg/m3

         Density of Light Weigth Co

         in Kg/m3

         e

         e

         1590

         1585

         1580

         1575

         Water Absorbtion Density

      3. With Different Dosage of Alumina Powder

      Mix Nomenclature	Alumina powder dosage	Water cement ratio	Dry volume of material taken	Volume after B24 hrs	Increase in cost due to alumina powder
      N03	0	0.50	60%	60%	0
      N03A01	0.10%	0.50	60%	75%	140.25
      N03A02	0.20%	0.50	60%	92%	280.5
      N03A03	0.30%	0.50	60%	102%	420.75
      N03A04	0.40%	0.50	60%	120%	561

      alumina powder on reaction with water forms air bubbles which creates pores in the concrete so different proportions are tried to check the exact dosage of the alumna powder for the formation of light weight concrete.

      With Replacement of Cement By Bagasse Ash in Proposed Aerated Concrete

      Mix Nomenclature	Ratio of cement and sand	Proportion of Cement and Sand	Compression Capacity	Split Tensile Capacity 2 =	Water Absorption Capacity	cost (Excluding the cost of alumina powder which is 750 rs per kg)	Density
      			N/mm2	N/mm2	Kg/m3	RS	Kg/m3
      N03A03	1:3	0.50	3.34	1.46	234.55	1344.75	1589.73
      N03B04	1:3	0.50	3.44	1.50	239.76	1335.37	1587.63
      N03B08	1:3	0.50	3.96	1.56	255.40	1303.05	1584.51
      N03B12	1:3	0.50	4.27	1.60	274.16	1287.42	1597.02
      N03B16	1:3	0.50	4.48	1.61	281.46	1271.78	1603.28
      N03B20	1:3	0.50	3.86	1.56	302.31	1198.81	1174.15
      N03B24	1:3	0.50	3.75	1.45	364.85	1094.56	1072.05

      Expansion in bagasse debris content increment the strength boundaries because of its pozzolanic activities yet it additionally expands water ingestion limit of cement since bagasse debris is water

      400

      350

      300

      250

      200

      150

      100

      50

      0

      400

      350

      300

      250

      200

      150

      100

      50

      0

      1800

      1600

      1400

      1200

      1000

      800

      600

      400

      200

      0

      1800

      1600

      1400

      1200

      1000

      800

      600

      400

      200

      0

      N03A03 N03B04 N03B08 N03B12 N03B16 N03B20 N03B24

      Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with Diffrent Bagasse ash Content

      N03A03 N03B04 N03B08 N03B12 N03B16 N03B20 N03B24

      Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with Diffrent Bagasse ash Content

      Water Absorbtion

      Water bsorbtion

      Density

      Density

      Strength in N/mm2

      Strength in N/mm2

      Water Absorbtion in Kg/m3

      Water Absorbtion in Kg/m3

      Density of Light Weigth Concrete in Kg/m3

      Density of Light Weigth Concrete in Kg/m3

      restricting debris and it effectively retains water. Utilization of bagasse debris can diminish the thickness of cement for example decrease in weight and utilization of bagasse debris can be result into the decrease in cost too.

      Strength Chart for Proposed Aerated Concrete with

      Varying Bagasse ash Content

      Strength Chart for Proposed Aerated Concrete with

      Varying Bagasse ash Content

      5

      4.5

      4

      3.5

      3

      2.5

      2

      1.5

      1

      0.5

      0

      5

      4.5

      4

      3.5

      3

      2.5

      2

      1.5

      1

      0.5

      0

      N03A03

      N03B04

      N03B08

      N03B12

      N03B16

      N03B20

      N03B24

      N03A03

      N03B04

      N03B08

      N03B12

      N03B16

      N03B20

      N03B24

      Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with Diffrent Bagasse ash Content

      Diffrent Light Weight Ratios with Diffrent Bagasse ash Content

      Compressive strength

      Split tensile Strength

      Compressive strength

      Split tensile Strength

      Water Absorption And Density Chart of Dfferent Bagasse

      ash content

      Water Absorption And Density Chart of Dfferent Bagasse

      ash content

   2. CONCLUSION

1. Bagasse debris can be effectively supplanting concrete up to 20% because of its pozzolanic activity.

2. For the specific proportion bagasse debris can decrease the expense of light weight concrete up to12%.

3. Bagasse debris additionally decreases the heaviness of cement up to 6%

4. Increase in the strength because of bagasse debris can be seen up to 30%.

5. Due to utilization of bagasse debris water ingestion of substantial increments up to 18%.

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