- Open Access
- Authors : Shirin K P, B Mary Sonia George
- Paper ID : IJERTCONV10IS06049
- Volume & Issue : ICART – 2022 (Volume 10 – Issue 06)
- Published (First Online): 21-06-2022
- ISSN (Online) : 2278-0181
- Publisher Name : IJERT
- License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Comparative Analysis and Seismic Performance Improvement of RCC Post Tensioned Flat Slab with Steel Composite PT Flat Slab System using ETABS
Shirin K P
Post Graduate Student Department of Civil Engineering Sree Narayana Guru College of Engineering and Technology
Payyannur, Kannur , Kearala , India
B Mary Sonia George
Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering
Sree Narayana Guru College of Engineering and Technology
Payyannur, Kannur , Kearala , India
Abstract- Looking at the modern trend of construction, RCC post tensioned flat slab are widely adopted in commercial and residential sectors due to its low cost of construction and aesthetic view. Post- tensioning, which is a form of prestressing, has several advantages over standard reinforcing steel (rebars): It reduces or eliminates shrinkage cracking- therefore no joints, or fewer joints, are needed and Cracks that do form are held tightly together ,It allows us to build slabs on expansive or soft soil and It lets usdesign longer spans in elevated members, like floors or beams. Post- tensioning, or PT, has become increasingly popular over the past 30 years or so as the technology has been perfected. . While using PT method more precautions has to be made for shear and deflection criteria for the slabs since RCC post tensioning slabs are weak against lateral force. Post- tensionedslab structures have weak resistance tolateral loads. So to provide stiffness to structures against lateral forces steel columns are used. A study is carried out to compare the structure by replacing some of the RCC column with steel column to improve the stiffness of structure against lateral force. For this purpose a 15 storey RCC post tensioned flat slab in modeled using ETABS and analyzed for high seismic zone then improve the performance with different arrangements of RCC and Steel columns and the model is analyzed against the base shear, story drift, and story displacement. Also the cost analysis of RCC PT flat slab is compared with the composite PT flat slab
Key words- Post Tensioned Flat Slab, Steel RCC composite structure, StoreyDisplacement, Drift, Stiffness
I INTRODUCTION
As the floor system plays an important role in the overall cost of a building, a post- tensioned floor system is invented which reduces the time for the construction and finally the cost of the structure. In some countries, including .The U.S., Australia, South Africa, Thailand and India, a great number of large buildings have been successfully constructed using post-tensioned floors. The reason for this lies in its Decisive technical and economical advantages.In modern construction high tensile steel reinforcement known as tendons are widely adopted in post-tensioned flat slabs. Post- tensioned slab
helps in reducing tensile stresses and cracks of the member. Post- tensioned slabs have proved to be economical and effective compared to normal RCC beam- slab and RCC flat slab.
PT Flat Slab: Post-tensioned (PT) slabs are typically flat slabs, band beam and slabs or ribbed slabs. PTslabs offer the thinnest slab type, as concrete is worked to its strengths, mostly being kept in compression. Longer spans can be achieved due to prestess, which can also be used to
counteract deflections. Post-tensioned slabs use high- strength tensioned steel strands to compress the slabs, keeping the majority of the concrete in compression. This gives a very efficient structure which minimizes material usages and decreases the economic span range when compared to reinforced concrete.
Fig.1.Post Tensioning Process II OBJECTIVES
-
To Model and Analyze RCC PT Flat slab for non linear time history analysis using Etabs
-
To check the Storey Performance against real time PGA earth quakedata LOMAP
-
To improve the stiffness of post tensioned flat slab by replacing theRCC column with steel column
-
To compare the results with various models of Steel- RCC column combinations.
-
To output results like Storey displacement, Storey Drift and storey Stiffness, in both RCC post tensioned flat slab& Steel composite post tensioned flat slab Models.
-
To develop the steel composite model with best performance againstseismic force.
-
To compare the analysis result for various composite models for storeydisplacement, storey drift and storey stiffness against RCC PT flat slab.
III SCOPE OF WORK
Of all Structural costs, floor framing is usually the largest component. Likewise, the majority of structures formwork cost is usually associated with the horizontal elements. Consequently,the first priority in designing for economy is selecting the structural system that offers lowest overall cost while meeting load requirements. Post- tensioning is the key to cost-effective multifamily construction. In addition, Post- tensioned structures can be designed to have minimaldeflection and cracking, even under full load. Thinner floors provide lower building weight, which creates a corresponding reduction in other structural elements. There are also some associated labor and time savings.
But the stability of the structure decreases with increase in height. Since the post tensioned flat slab is weak against lateral load, steel column is used to improve the lateral stability. The structure is also analyzed in high seismic zone and storey drift, displacement, storey stiffness are compared for both RCC column post tensioned slab and RCC steel composite post tensioned flat slab Both the systems are analyzed using ETABS and subsequently MS Excel program was developed based on the design methodology. Finally, Storey displacement, storey drifts and storey stiffness graphs are plotted for RCC Post Tensioned slab systems and Steel RCC composite slab system on each Model. And the structure adequacy is checked for various steel column arrangements with minimum cost.
IV LITERATURE REVIEWSUMMARY
Overall study on PT flat slab proves that PT flat slab could be a better option compared to flat slab, in respect of cost of project. For the increase in the panel sizes, the cost is also increasing gradually .From both post- tensioned slab system building the post-tensioned flat slab with drop is more economical than the post-tensionedflat slab without drop. Using a PT Slab is more advisable for a commercial building than using a R.C.C Flat Slab. Construction of a structure using PT Slab also leads to a lighter structure as the Dead Load gets reduced. To avoid functional failures (service limit state), it is essential to check long term cracked deflections in Post- Tensioned flat slabs.PT flat
slab system has greater flexibility than conventional system due to more quantity of story displacement in case of seismic analysis. PT slabs are week against Lateral forces to overcomethis Shear walls are placed on the outerface of the structure.
V VALIDATION
The most important part of ETabs analysis is validating the project, To evaluate the validity of PT Flat slab model a comparison has been made between the results obtained from the Analysis of post tensioned and RCC Flat slab in multi storey framed structures. Building details, properties of the building, post tensioned strand details, sectional properties of building and loads on the buildings are considered.
Table I DETAILS OF BUILDING
Plan Dimensions |
27.5mx27.5 m |
Total Height of building |
54 m |
Height of each storey |
3.6 m |
Total no.of storeys |
15 |
Table II MATERIAL PROPERTIES OFBUILDING
Grade of concrete |
M40 |
Grade of steel |
FE 500 |
-
SECTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BUILDING
Beam dimensions for conventional structure- 300mm x350mm
Thickness of slab for conventional structure 150mm
Thickness of slab for RCC post tensionedflat slab structure 200mm
Column dimensions 850mmx850mm
-
LOADS ON BUILDINGSeismic zone: Zone IV Site Type II Importance Factor- 1Terrain category 4 Live Load on terrace 1.5 KN/m2Live Load on Floors 3 KN/m2
Fig 2: Plan and 3D model of RCCPT Flat slab
-
VALIDATION RESULT
Result is analyzed for Storey displacement, Storey Drift and Storey Shear in RCC post tensioned flat slab, RCC flat slab and RCC slab and found no percentage error of difference
Fig 3 Graphical Representation ofStorey Displacement
Fig 4 Graphical Representation ofStorey Drift
Fig 5 Graphical Representation ofBase Shear
TABLE III. COMPARISON OFRESULTS OBTAINED FROM VALIDATION
RCC PTFLAT SLAB
Storey Displacem ent
StoreyDrift
Base she ar
mm
KN
ETABS
173.5
0.004
25
610
0
Validating Paper
173.5
0.004
25
610
0
%
Difference
0%
0%
0%
VI MODELLING
In this section various models of RCC PT Flat slab and Steel RCC composite PT Flat slabs are modeled using Etabs to check the performance of building against seismic force. For this purpose a building with below described properties is considered.
Table IV: BUILDING DIMENSION
Plan Dimensions
27.5mx27.5 m
Total Height of building
54 m
Height of each storey
3.6 m
Total no. of storeys
15
Table V: POST TENSION STRAND DETAILS
Ultimate Strength
1860 KN/M2
Strand Dia
12.7mm
Table VI: MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Grade of concrete
M40
Grade of steel
FE 500
Grade of steel column
FE 345
-
SECTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BUILDING
Thickness of slab for RCC post tensionedflat slab structure 200mm
Column dimensions storey 1 to 5 850mmx850mm Column Dimension Storey 6 to 10 750mmx750mm Column Dimensions from storey 11 to 15
600mmx600mm
-
LOADS APPLIEDLive load 4 KN/M2 Earth Quake Data- Non linear time historyanalysis LOMAP
-
MODELS CONSIDERED
-
RCC PT Flat Slab is compared against the 2 models detailed below
Model 1 – Exterior RCC Columns Replaced by Steel Column
Model 2- Interior diagonal columns and middle 2 columns on all exterior face is replaced by steel columns
VII ANALYSIS
Dynamic analysis is considered for the evaluation performance in ETabs .The structure is modeled and analyzed using ETabs and Tabulated using MS Excel Model analysis is carried out to evaluate Storey displacement, storey drift and storey stiffness. Time history analysis with PGA earth quake data LOMAP is
applied for seismic performance. To improve the performance of building Steel columns are introduced. The RCC PT Flat slab is then compared against two models of RCC Steel composite PT flat slab
TABLE VII: STOREY DISPLACEMENTAND STOREY DRIFT OF RCC PT FLATSLAB
Fig 6: Graphical Representation of StoreyDisplacement
Fig 7: Graphical Representation of StoreyDrift
TABLE VIII: STOREY DISPLACEMENTAND STOREY DRIFT OF MODEL 1
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
FIG 8: Plan of Model 1
Displacement
0 5 10 15 20
Fig 9: Graphical representation of StoreyDisplacement of Model 1
FIG 11: Plan of Model 2
Fig 10: Graphical representation of StoreyDrift of Model 1
TABLE IX: STOREY DISPLACEMENTAND STOREY DRIFT OF MODEL 2
Fig 12: Graphical representation of StoreyDisplacement of Model 2
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 0.005 0.01
RCC PT FLAT SLAB
EXTERIOR STEEL COLUMN
RANDOML Y ARRANGED MODEL A
Fig 13: Graphical representation of StoreyDrift of Model 2
VIII RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The outcomes obtained from ETabs software after evaluating the models have been specified in the models. Fig 14 shows amonth the 3 models compared, the value of storey displacement for RCC PT Flat slab is higher and not within the acceptable limit, further considerable decrease in storey displacement can be seen in model 1 and model 2 which is wihin the acceptable limit.
STOREY THX-STOREY DISPLACEMENT
16
14
Fig 15: Storey Drift Graph of all Models
Fig 15: Storey Drift Graph of all Models
IX CONCLUSION
The Etabs software is used for the modeling of PT RCC Flat slab and PT Steel-RCC composite Flat slab then to analyze the model for Non linear Time history analysis with real time PGA data. MS Excel is used for tabulating the results. The following Results are obtained.
-
RCC post tensioned flat slab is modeled and analysed and found that the structure shows week performance against seismic force.
-
Steel columns are introduced and to models with steel columns are analysed against seismic force which shows better performance.
-
From the table it is observed that Model 2 of Steel composite PT flat slab has higher performance since it has less displacement against seismic force and makes structure stiff.
-
Model 1 has considerably lesser value for storey drift
[11]12 MODEL 2
10 EXTERIOR
STEEL
8
6
4
2
0
0 50100150200250300
DISPLACEMENT mm
Fig 14: Displacement Graph of all models
since all theexterior columns are steel columns.
-
36% decrease in displacement was observed for model 2.
-
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