Sustainable Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Alccofine

Sustainable Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Alccofine

Mr. Dr. V . Venkata Phani Babu(1), Mr.Ommi Suresp(2), Mr. G. Kirankarthik(3), Mr. N. Sanyasi Naidu(4), Ms P.Teja Bhavani(5)

Vice Principal(1) , Assistant Professor(2) UG Students(3,4,5) Department Of Civil Engineering(1,2,3,4,5)

Dadi Institute of Engineering and technology, Vishakhapatnam Autonomous(1,2,3,4,5)

Abstract – In the present paper, the effect of Alccofine on properties of concrete has been studied. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the strength or we can say high performance of concrete containing supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) such as Alccofine. Concrete is third most widely used material in world and cement is major ingredient of it. One ton cement production cause emission of one ton of CO2 gas which is harmful to environment. ALCCOFINE is a new generation supplementary cementitious material(SCM) with a built in high tech content which can be used as cement replacement. In this thesis ,it is proposed to study the Alccofine based high performance concrete with various proportions. M30 grade of concrete is planned to study by their mechanical properties such as compressive strength compared with conventional concrete. Cement is replaced with Alccofine with percentage varying from 5% and 20% at an interval 5%. For all the tests ,standard experiments are followed to determine the properties as per Indian standards. The results presented and discussed.

Key words: Alccofine 1203, sustainability, compressive strength

1. INTRODUCTION

   The most important construction materials are cement based materials and it is most likely that they will continue to have the same importance in the future. The construction and the engineering materials must meet new and higher demands. As far as productivity, economy, quality and environment is concerned, they have to compete with other construction materials too like plastic, steel and wood. The durability of concrete means it should have resistance to weathering action, chemical attack or any other process of deterioration. Durable concrete will retain its original form quality, and serviceability when exposed to environment. These materials include traditional Portland cement and other cementitious materials, such as Alccofine. Alccofine is either combined at the cement works or at the concrete mixer when the concrete is being produced. Cementitious materials for concrete are fine mineral powders. When this material is mixed with water, they react chemically to form a strong rigid mass that binds aggregate particles together to make concrete. Alccofine is a new generation, micro fine material of particle size and is much finer than other

   hydraulic materials like cement, fly ash, silica etc. being manufactured in India. Alcofine has unique characteristics to enhance performance of concrete in hardened stages due to its optimized size distribution.

2. METHODOLOGY
   • Material Collection

     Cement, Alccofine, fine aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate, and potable water are collected. All materials are selected as per relevant Indian Standards.

   • Testing of Materials

     Basic tests are carried out to know the properties of materials:

     Materials	Specific gravity	Fineness/siev e analysis	Sound ness of cement	Bulki ng of sand
     Alccofine	2.85	5-7 micron	–	–
     Cement	31.5	6%	6mm	–
     Fine aggregate	2.79	3.06%	–	10%
     Coarse aggregate	2.75	7.80%	–	–

      

     cement) of 53 grade is used conforming to IS: 12269- 1987.

     The tests on cement are carried out as per Indian Standards.

   • Mix Design

     M30 grade concrete mix is designed as per IS 456- 2000. A control mix with 0% Alccofine is prepared. The watercement ratio is kept constant for all mixes.

     Replacement of Cement with Alccofine Cement is partially replaced with Alccofine by weight at different percentages:

     0% (control mix)

     5% 10% 15% 20%

   • Preparation of Concrete

     For each mix, cement and Alccofine are mixed first. Then sand and coarse aggregate are added. Finally, water is added and mixed well to get uniform concrete.

   • Casting of Specimens

     Concrete is poured into 150 mm × 150 mm × 150 mm cube moulds in three layers. Each layer is compacted properly. The surface is levelled and moulds are kept undisturbed for 24 hours.

   • Curing

     After 24 hours, the cubes are removed from the moulds and cured in clean water. Curing is done for 7, 14, and 28 days.

   • Testing of Concrete

     Compressive strength test is conducted on cubes at 7, 14, and 28 days.

3. MATERIALS USED

Cement : It is mainly used as a binder material in concrete which is used for construction that sets, hardens to other materials bind together. OPC (ordinary Portland

Alccofine: It is a low calcium silicate material which improves the workability and compressive strength due to granulation and high glass content. ALCCOFINE1203 is a specially processed product based on high glass content with high reactivity obtained through the process of controlled granulation. The raw materials are composed primary of low calcium silicates.

Fine Aggregate: Fine Aggregate (FA) sand of particle size less than 4.75 mm size & confirming to zone-II as per IS

383:2016 code is used. Good river bank sand in the absence of any earthy matter and organic matter. Particles are angular in shape passing 4.75mm and retaining on 150 micron standard

sieve. The river sand is used as fine aggregate conforming to the requirements of IS: 383-2016.

Coarse Aggregate: Is obtained by crushing various types of granites, schist, crystalline and lime stone and good quality sand stones.

Concrete made with sand stone aggregate give trouble due

to cracking because of high Degree of shrinkage. Uniformly well graded coarse aggregate of 20 mm size conforming to IS383:2016 code is used.

Water: The water used for preparing concrete mix and for curing should be clean and free from hazardous impurities such as salts, acids, alkali, oil and organic materials confirming to IS 456:2000 code. The pH of the water used should be in the range of 68.

Compression Test Results:

Compressive strength for nominal vs Alccofine replacement cubes

CONCLUSION

• From the experimental results, A15 mix gives higher compressive strength than all other mixes (A0, A5, A10 and A20). It shoes that the addition of Alccofine in concrete increases the compressive strength by 20 to 30%.
• The strength development of Alccofine based concrete is greater than all other concrete at all age of curing.
• If the percentage level of Alccofine is increased beyond that level it acts as a filler material and yields good workability to the concrete.
• Alccofine replaced at 15% levels has contributed to the higher strength values.
• Alccofine Replacement at 15% was found to be an optimal dosage for hydration and strength gain in accordance with codal provisions.

  However, the 10% and 20% partial replacements act as filler material during the concrete’s bonding.

• By increasing the percentage of Alccofine in concrete as replacement of cement, the value of cementing efficiency increases.
• It is concluded that the Alccofine 1203 is good replacement cementitious material for cement to

  certain extent that up to 15%. It is good against durability aspects also.

• Also further more research required to standardize the use of Alccofine in concrete in practice.

REFERENCES

1. S.C. Boobalan, V. Aswin, Srivatsav, A. Mohamed Thanseer, Nishath,

   A. Pratheesh Babu, V. Gayathri. “A comprehensive review on strength properties for making Alccofine based high performance concrete.”

2. G. Srinivasan. “Study on Alccofine (1203) based high performance concrete,” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, pp: 01-12, 2020.
3. P. Narasimha Reddy and J. Ahmed Naqash. “Effect of Alccofine on Mechanical and Durability Index Properties of Cireen Concrete,” UE TRANSACTIONS C: Aspects Vol. 32, No. 6, (June 2019) 813-819.
4. R. Suganya and Latha Maheshwari. “Experimental Investigation on Alccofine Concrete,” Vol. 8 Issue 04, April 2019, International Journal of Engineering Research.
5. Devinder Sharma et al. “Utilization of waste foundry slag and Alccofine for developing high strength concrete,” Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. (2016).
6. A. Sinha Deepa et al. “Study of mechanical and durability properties of high performance self-compacting concrete with varying

   proportion of Alccofine and fly ash,” Int. J. New Innov. Eng. Technol. (2016).

7. B. Kaviya et al. “Experimental study on partial replacement of cement using Alccofine,” Int. J. Pure Appl. Math. (2017).
8. Narender Reddy et al. “A comprehensive overview on performance of Alccofine concrete,” Int. J. Pharm. Technol. (2017).
9. M.S. Karthick et al. “Effects of mineral admixtures in mechanical behaviour of high-performance concrete,” Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol. (2020).
10. Mohd. Hamraj. “Experimental study on binary blended high strength steel fibre reinforced concrete using Alccofine as mineral admixture,” Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. (2014).
11. Pavittar Singh. “Study the effect of Alccofine on development of high strength concrete,” Int. J. Adv. Res. Sci. Eng. (2017).
12. Surendra Kumar et al. “A review paper on behaviour of high- performance concrete using Alccofine and Fly ash,” Int. J. Technol. Res. Eng. (2018).
13. K.S. Kulkarni et al. “Effect of elevated temperatures on mechanical properties of micro-cement based high performance concrete,” Int. J. Appl. Eng. Technol. (2011).
14. S. Rajesh Kumar, Amiya K. Samanta, Dilip K. Singha Roy. “An experimental study on the mechanical properties of Alccofine…”
15. Revati P. Sawant et al. “Partial replacement of cement with combination of Alccofine and marble dust for development of sustainable concrete,” Int. J. Recent Technol. Eng. (2019).
16. Abhishek Sachdeva et al. “Replacement of Portland cement with Alccofine: a review,” Int. J. Res. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. (2018).
17. S. Jewell, S. Kimball. “USGS mineral commodities summaries: 2015,” US Geological Survey. http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/2014/mcs2015.pd f (Accessed 12 December 2015).
18. N.K. Lee, J.G. Jang, H.K. Lee. “Shrinkage characteristics of alkali- activated fly ash/slag paste and mortar at early ages,” Cem. Concr. Compos. 53, 239248

    (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.07.007.

19. C. Gunasekara, D.W. Law, S. Setunge, J.G. Sanjayan, M. Piper. “Zeta potential, gel formation, and compressive strength of low calcium fly ash geopolymers,” Constr. Build. Mater. 95, 592599

    (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.175.

20. S. Arathi, K. Arunkumar, A.M. Jacob, A. Suresh Kumar, S. Pream Kumar. “Utilization of Waste Byproducts in the Production of Green Geopolymer Concrete,” Lect. Notes Civ. Eng. 464, (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0910-6_26.
21. G.S. Ryu, Y.B. Lee, K.T. Koh, Y.S. Chung. “The mechanical properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete with alkaline activators,” Constr. Build. Mater. 47, 409418 (2013).
22. K. Byfors, G. Klingstedt, V. Lehtonen, H. Pyy, L. Romben. “Durability of Concrete Made with Alkali-Activated Slag,” Proc. Third Int. Conf. Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag, and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, SP-114, 14291466 (1989). https://doi.org/10.14359/1827.
23. L.K. Turner, F.G. Collins. “Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO-e) emissions: a comparison between geopolymer and OPC cement concrete,” Constr. Build. Mater. 43, 125130

    (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.01.023.

24. A. Chithambar Ganesh, M. Muthukannan. “Experimental Study on the Behaviour of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete under Ambient Curing Conditions,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 561, 012014 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/561/1/012014.
25. R. Anuradha, R. Sreevidya, B.V.V. Rangan. “Modified Guidelines for Geopolymer Conrete Mix Design using Indian Standard,” Asian J. Civ. Eng. Build. Hous. 13, 357368 (2011).