Hazards Identifications and Risk Assessment in Port Berth Construction-A Case Study

Port & Harbors are the basic infra for the logistics and transportation of goods for international trade. India peninsular the sixteenth largest maritime country of the world surrounded by Bay Of Bengal and Indian Ocean, i.e. 7,517km as a result there are 13 major and 205 minor and notified ports available. In Financial year the traffic has been increased 2.09%, keeping an eye on the upcoming traffic load, the Indian Government has taken up Sagarmala programme. Under the programme, Government has envisioned 189 projects for modernization of ports by investing Rs. 1.42 trillion. The sector is facing a lot of risk in terms of life and environment protection while expanding the same. To make the expansion fruitful and the expansion projects involve heavy Cranes, huge manpower, huge expertise and experienced managers, engineers, supervisors etc. During the execution of activity at various sections, numerous hazards exists which may impose harm to the deployed employees and surrounding if adequate measures not taken. This paper describes the hazards in Port Berth Construction at Visakhapatnam Port Trust with preventive control measures to avoid incident, accident.


INTRODUCTION
Indian Construction Industries plays a vital role in the economy of the country. Robust construction set up and good safety practice is the strength for quality product. It takes months, years to ensure good safety practices, to build up safe working culture & maintain an organization reputation. But an incident might be a catastrophic agent to destroy all reputation, endeavour of organizations including the direct cost like damage to life of human being, property and environment at a larger scale. Port berth construction is not easy as other construction activities, as it comes under heavy infra category. Inadequate Safety measures may lead to catastrophic major incidents may results into harm to human being, to environment. It is a moral and legal responsibility of any employer to ensure Identification of hazards and take required steps to minimize the risk due for ensuring Zero Incident at work place. Hence, review of Hazards and required safety measured for each identified hazards in Port Berth Construction industry is much more essential to control the hazards. Here, in this paper we have discussed all the hazard, risk and task involved while executing the Visakhapatnam Port Trust EQ 02-05, 38916 DM berth construction project.

DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS
In HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT: -Procedure of Assessment: The procedure being followed by the EHS Management Team at site -All the section In-charge, Concerned Managers/ Engineers related to that particular task to be present for the assessment, in which they share the possible hazard that might be involved from their Vision, Prediction out of their past experience. Very high risk: This risk is intolerable, immediate action of avoidance and protection needed urgently. Temporary mitigation measures should be taken instantly and action plan for final solution should be started and take place within 1 month.
High risk: Preventive and Corrective action are to be ensured to decrease the risk are required. Provisional countermeasure should within 1 month and action plan for final solution within 3 months.
Medium risk: Regular Inspections are required to confirm that the risk is in control. Continuous Inspection is also required to ensure that risk is not rising further. Preventive and corrective actions can be taken as per need.
Low risk: This is green zone which displays that the risk is within tolerable limit. In the zone the risk is under control, regular monitoring of activities and administrative control is necessary. L (Likelihood).
STEP 2 The risk rating score would be found out by multiplying above said three factors.
STEP 3 Safety Control measures would be taken further to reduce Risk.
STEP 4 Once, again the reduced risk rating score will be calculated.

CONCLUSION
We have noticed the significant reduction in risk level i.e. RRS (Residual Risk Score) after the analysis. By Hazard Identification Risk Assessment we have reduced the risk from high level to Low and Acceptable level by taking all the applicable safety precautionary measures and preventive measures.
Hazard Identification Risk Assessment is a tool to mitigate the risk well before executing the work by analyzing the risk by finding the root cause with all the experts input.
Organizations are now a day's using this HIRA tool as a major key player to mitigate the loss of life, property, environment etc as well as the indirect cost like Organization Image, problems in bagging the business/ projects, man-hour loss etc.
Organizations whether it may be Brownfield/Greenfield Project; Process/Manufacturing/Chemical Plant can use the Hazard Identification Risk Assessment as an effective tool and prevent themselves from catastrophic consequences and have better productivity, quality with zero incident .